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A review of Fiber optical parametric amplifiers is presented. Theoretical framework necessary to understand fiber nonlinearities are provided with emphasis on Four – wave mixing, a nonlinear phenomena that transfers energy from a strong pump wave to two waves, a signal wave and a generated idler wave. Fiber optical parametric amplifiers (FOPA) are based on Four–wave-mixing (FWM). FOPA have the prospects of use in several applications of optical communication systems. They can be used for linear signal amplification, wavelength conversion, all – optical signal sampling etc. Such amplifiers exhibits lower noise figures with feasibility to achieve 0 – dB noise figure and they have the ability to operate over arbitrarily centered and wide wavelength ranges. FOPA are certainly enablers to increase overall capabilities of wavelength – division – multiplexed (WDM) optical communication systems.
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