DEVELOPMENT OF CUTTING FLUID FROM YELLOW OLEANDER (THEVETIA PRUVENSSIA) SEED OIL

Publication Date : 01/08/2015


Author(s) :

ABDULKAREEM, B., ABDULLAHI, A.T.


Volume/Issue :
Volume 10
,
Issue 2
(08 - 2015)



Abstract :

The study aims to ascertain the economic and technological viability of local plant oils as a substitute for standard cutting fluid in machining of metals. A cutting fluid was developed from Thevetia Pruvenssia Seed Fluid (TPSF). The physiochemical and mechanical performance of the fluid were measured. The performance of the developed cutting fluid was evaluated by comparison with a conventional cutting fluid, castor oil, in machining operation on a lathe machine. It was found that both samples have similar cooling properties except at 140 rpm and 180 rpm when the performance of castor oil was slightly better. The viscosity of TPSF measured at 40oC is 29.50 cSt which was lower than that of castor oil by 13.7%. The viscosity of TPSF measured at 100oC was 10.85 cSt which was more than twice that of Castor oil. However, change of viscosity of Castor oil from 40o to that of 100oC showed a reduction of 85.4% whereas TPSF viscosity reduced by 63.2%. The pH of the TPSF fluid was found to be 7.71 compared to that of soluble oil with pH of 10.3 which is an advantage because TPSF is less corrosive The presence of unsaturated acid (oleic acid), which enhances lubricity, was found to be 50.49% constituting the major component of the acid in the fluid. TPSF has free fatty acid content of 5.64% compared with zero content for castor oil which makes it more stable than the castor oil. Hence TPSF can be stored for a long period of time without degradation. TPSF chlorine content of 0.16wt% gives it an antiseptic property which increases the emulsion life of the base oil. The flash point of TPSF (98oC) shows that it is of very low hazard to the operator and the environment, however, the pour point of TPSF (-1oC) is high compared with -43oC for castor oil, which makes TPSF only suitable for tropical countries like Nigeria. However, viscosity index of 15.33 is much lower than that of Castor oil of 51, therefore, a viscosity improver should be used to raise the viscosity of TPSF for use as cutting fluid.


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